An electrical transformer has extremely significant importance to deliver electricity efficiently from power generating stations to our homes. The transformers complex system consists of windings, cores and coils, which serve to convert one level of voltage into another level in order to smoothen the transmission of electricity.
Uses of Transformer Oil
It provides insulation between high voltage components such as windings and coils. Due to its good insulation properties, the distance between the windings can be made small. It prevents short circuits and ensures safe operations.
It provides cooling to the transformer by dissipating the heat generated in windings and core of transformer. It acts as coolant and prevents overheating.
It prevents corrosion between the various metal parts of transformer and maintains the health of transformer in good condition.
Transformer oil also helps to sense the faultsinside the transformer. Buchholz relay operation depends upon transformer oil. To know about Buchholz relay and its operation you can read here.
Types of Transformer Oil:
Mineral Oil: The most widely used transformer oil type; derived from refined petroleum, mineral oil, well known for its excellent insulating and cooling properties.
Synthetic Oils : These typically ester-based oils, used in environmentally friendlier and high-performing applications, can provide better biodegradability-fire resistance.
Natural Ester Oil: This is a vegetable oil based alternative that is biodegradable and fire resistant compared with mineral oils. Transformer Oil Properties:
High dielectric strength: To resist electrical breakdown.
Good thermal conductivity: Efficient means of heat transfer.
Low viscosity: Ensures that the oil flows from the transformer for cooling.
Stability: Will not easily break down and sludge when given heat. In transformer oil, maintenance testing includes moisture content, dielectric strength, as well as acidity. These are necessary to continually check the oil for good performance. The oil can be a source of efficiency and safety problems for the transformer if it becomes degraded or contaminated.
